Androgyny/Hermaphroditism: Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible lacks a term for androgyny or hermaphroditism. The term tumtumim, which identifies persons of indeterminate or “hidden” sex, appears later in rabbinic texts. Nevertheless, sexual fluidity, ambiguity, intersexed persons, and persons with a combination of masculine and feminine characteristics appear in the Genesis creation stories and prophetic texts. While gender transgression is relevant to the general discussion, this entry from The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Gender Studies: Oxford Biblical Studies Online focuses primarily on ancient understandings, namely those presented in the Hebrew Bible, of those of “both sexes.

Measuring athlete imagery ability: the Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire

Based on literature identifying movement imagery, observation, and execution to elicit similar areas of neural activity, research has demonstrated movement imagery and observation to successfully prime movement execution. To investigate whether movement and observation could prime ease of imaging from an external visual imagery perspective, an internal visual imagery perspective, and kinaesthetic modality, 36 participants (M$_{age}$ = 20.58; SD = 3.11; 18 female, 18 male) completed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 under four modes of delivery (movement prime, external observation prime, internal observation prime, and image-only). Results revealed ease of imaging was significantly greater during the movement and observation prime conditions compared to the image-only condition (p < .05). Specifically when priming external visual imagery and internal visual imagery, observation only facilitated ease of imaging when the perspective was congruent with the imagery perspective. Results support the utilization of movement and observation to facilitate ease of imaging, but highlight the importance of considering visual perspective when using observation

Sociomateriality and disabled individuals’ identity work: a critical poststructuralist research agenda

This paper responds to calls to rebalance the role of materiality in identity work. Taking a critical poststructuralist approach to identity work and a relational ontology perspective on sociomateriality, we explore how a ‘disabled’ person’s identity work is shaped by and responds to the influences of embodied practices and material arrangements within the workplace. We achieve this by reviewing the notion of sociomateriality as a "constitutive entanglement" (Orlikowski, 2007: 1437) of the material and the human. More specifically, we discuss how disabled individuals are constituted through sociomaterial relations and practices involving the body, assistive technology and mundane artefacts. This paper, therefore, contributes to the emerging interest, in identity studies, on the role of the material within identity work, and, in Disability Studies, to the entanglement of the social and material in constructions of disability as difference

Direct observation of voids in the vacancy excess region of ion bombarded silicon

The results reported in this letter indicate that the spatial separation of the vacancy and interstitial excesses which result from ion bombardment gives rise to stable voids upon annealing at 850 °C even for implants where the projected ion range is only of the order of a few thousand Ångstrom. Such voids have been observed directly by transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, in cases where both voids and interstitial-based defects are present at different depths, it is found that Au has a strong preference for decorating void surfaces and hence Au can, indeed, be used as a selective detector of open volume defects in Si.One of the authors ~J.W.-L.! acknowledges the Australian Research Council for financial support

Considering Vietnam

The Vietnam War is evolving from contemporary memory into history. Fifty years on, it still serves as a benchmark in the history of war reporting and in the representation of conflict in popular culture and historical memory. This conference seeks to explore the legacy of the US involvement in South East Asia and the resonances it still has for the coverage of contemporary warfare. In particular, the conference will reassess the role of the media in covering the war and the implications this has had for the coverage of subsequent conflicts, the impact of the war on popular culture, the ways that wars and their aftermaths are experienced on the ‘home front,’ and issues around memorialisation and memory, particularly in museum culture. The conference will bring together practitioners, academics and curators in an interdisciplinary engagement with this complex but important issue

High-pressure/high-temperature synthesis of transition metal oxide perovskites

Perovskite and related Ruddlesden-Popper type transition metal oxides synthesised at high pressures and temperatures during the last decade are reviewed. More than 60 such new materials have been reported since 1995. Important developments have included perovskites with complex cation orderings on A and B sites, multiferroic bismuth-based perovskites, and new manganites showing colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) and charge ordering properties

The Unthinkable Remedy: The Proposed Metropolitan Hartford School District

This presentation discusses the proposal for a metropolitan school district in the Hartford region, how it arose in the aftermath of the 1996 Sheff ruling, ways in which various parties responded, and reasons why the proposal did not succeed

Understanding Low-Income Residents' Sense of Community in Post-Apartheid Housing Developments in South Africa.

South Africa’s Department of Human Settlements has sought to rectify apartheid-era injustices through the mass construction of low-income housing. Housing allocation efforts have led to the demolition of informal settlements and relocation of low-income residents to new developments. The drive to eliminate informal settlements rests within a global call to achieve “slum”-free cities. Many residents in South Africa come from informal settlements, where they have developed networks of trust, participation, and livelihoods. A concern with relocation efforts is that new housing developments disrupt pre-existing sense of community, which refers to an individual’s feeling of belonging to a group with a shared connection and attachment to place. My dissertation investigates the influence of different housing approaches on residents’ sense of community, as indicated in social trust, community participation, and place attachment. This dissertation asks: How do different approaches to housing low-income residents influence sense of community? In order to answer this research question, I conducted field work in four sites: Cosmo City (a state-driven private developer project in Johannesburg); Diepsloot (a vast informal settlement in Johannesburg); Freedom Park (a self-help community in western Cape Town); Springfield Terrace (medium density apartments near the Cape Town CBD). With the support of a research team, I took a mixed-method approach through several data collection activities: 190 door-to-door surveys, 82 semi-structured resident interviews, 11 community mapping focus group sessions, and 15 semi-structured interviews with community leaders and non-governmental organizations. During my research, I discovered that arriving to new housing resulted in feeling uprooted for some residents who no longer lived near their former neighbors. Smaller scale housing developments, located close to the city center, and on land that has historical meaning for residents mitigate feelings of estrangement. The limited capacity to form neighborhood watch or street cleanup groups stems from lack of will or ability, infrastructure, funding, and training. Residents are more likely to report attachment to place if they demonstrate feelings of belonging, safety, pride, and plans to stay in their housing in the future. This study revealed that medium density housing developments, rather than mega housing projects, support a greater sense of community.PHDUrban and Regional PlanningUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135840/1/jwillia_1.pd

Vitamin D4 in mushrooms and yeast

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityVitamin D deficiency is a pandemic that is now one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency leads to reduced calcium absorption from our diet, which causes hyperparathyroidism. The increase in parathyroid hormone results in a defective mineralization of our skeleton, leading to the development of rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. It also increases bone reabsorption resulting in a decrease in bone mineral density. During the winter months there is decreased or complete absence of the production of vitamin D in the skin; therefore finding natural dietary sources of vitamin D becomes important. Some mushroom species exposed to ultraviolet radiation produce vitamin D2 as well as vitamin D4. The goal of this project was to use high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode ultraviolet absorbance detector to identify which provitamin Ds and vitamin Ds were present in various edible mushrooms species including skiitake (Lentinus edodes), oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus), portabella (Agaricus bisporus), crimini (Agaricus bisporus), and white button (Agaricus bisporus); and the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast). Provitamin Ds and vitamin Ds from the mushroom powder (Monterey Mushroom), mushroom samples, and the yeast sample were extracted with methanol and run on a Zorbax CN column. All the provitamin D samples were analyzed with reverse phase HPLC on a Zorbax ODS column along with standards for provitamin D2 (ergosterol), provitamin D3 (7-dehydrocholesterol), and provitamin D4 (22,23-dihydroergosterol). The collected vitamin D samples were run on a Vydac C18 column along with standards for vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D4. Provitamin D4 and vitamin D4 isolated and collected from the mushroom powder sample were used as standards. Provitamin D4 was identified in every mushroom species as well as the yeast sample. Vitamin D4 was identified in three of the UV irradiated mushroom species including; white button, shiitake and oyster, as well as the yeast sample. Provitamin D3 was identified in a shiitake mushroom. The ultraviolet absorption spectra for compounds identified as vitamin D2, vitamin D4, provitamin D2, provitamin D3 and provitamin D4 in all samples matched the UV absorption spectra of a 5,6-cis-triene of vitamin D and a 5,7-diene of provitamin D standards. These results demonstrate that in addition to vitamin D2, some mushroom species and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can also produce vitamin D4. In addition, shiitake mushrooms contain provitamin D3, and thus has the ability to produce vitamin D3 after exposure to UV radiation. Mushrooms and yeast are therefore a natural dietary source of multiple vitamin Ds